Chapter 3

Authors: Peter Jezzard and Stuart Clare (FMRIB Centre, Oxford University)

Section 3.1. Introduction
Section 3.2. The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Phenomenon
3.2.1: The nuclear moment
3.2.2: Spin excitation
3.2.3: The free induction decay (FID)
3.2.4: The spin echo

Section 3.3. Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation Times
3.3.1: T1 relaxation
3.3.2: T2 relaxation
3.3.3: T2* relaxation

Section 3.4. The Concepts of Spatial Encoding and K-Space
3.4.1: Introducing spatial specificity
3.4.2: 2D back projection reconstruction imaging
3.4.3: Slice selection 3.4.4: Fourier imaging
3.4.5: K-space

Section 3.5. Image Contrast
3.5.1: Contrast based on relaxation times
3.5.2: Exogenous contrast agent injection
3.5.3: Endogenous blood oxygenation contrast
3.5.4: Other contrast mechanisms

Section 3.6. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
3.6.1: Chemical shifts and nuclear coupling
3.6.2: Biomedical MR spectroscopy
3.6.3: Localized spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging